Abbott, B. P.B. P.AbbottAbbott, R.R.AbbottAbbott, T. D.T. D.AbbottAbernathy, M. R.M. R.AbernathyAcernese, F.F.AcerneseAckley, K.K.AckleyAdams, C.C.AdamsAdams, T.T.AdamsAddesso, P.P.AddessoAdhikari, R. X.R. X.AdhikariAdya, V. B.V. B.AdyaAffeldt, C.C.AffeldtAgathos, M.M.AgathosAgatsuma, K.K.AgatsumaAggarwal, N.N.AggarwalAguiar, O. D.O. D.AguiarAiello, L.L.AielloAin, A.A.AinAjith, P.P.AjithAkutsu, T.T.AkutsuAllen, B.B.AllenAllocca, A.A.AlloccaAltin, P. A.P. A.AltinAnanyeva, A.A.AnanyevaAnderson, S. B.S. B.AndersonAnderson, W. G.W. G.AndersonAndo, M.M.AndoAppert, S.S.AppertArai, K.K.AraiAraya, A.A.ArayaAraya, M. C.M. C.ArayaAreeda, J. S.J. S.AreedaArnaud, N.N.ArnaudArun, K. G.K. G.ArunAsada, H.H.AsadaAscenzi, S.S.AscenziAshton, G.G.AshtonAso, Y.Y.AsoAst, M.M.AstAston, S. M.S. M.AstonAstone, P.P.AstoneAtsuta, S.S.AtsutaAufmuth, P.P.AufmuthAulbert, C.C.AulbertAvila-Alvarez, A.A.Avila-AlvarezAwai, K.K.AwaiBabak, S.S.BabakBacon, P.P.BaconBader, M. K.M.M. K.M.BaderBaiotti, L.L.BaiottiBaker, P. T.P. T.BakerBaldaccini, F.F.BaldacciniBallardin, G.G.BallardinBallmer, S. W.S. W.BallmerBarayoga, J. C.J. C.BarayogaBarclay, S. E.S. E.BarclayBarish, B. C.B. C.BarishBarker, D.D.BarkerBarone, F.F.BaroneBarr, B.B.BarrBarsotti, L.L.BarsottiBarsuglia, M.M.BarsugliaBarta, D.D.BartaBartlett, J.J.BartlettBarton, M. A.M. A.BartonBartos, I.I.BartosBassiri, R.R.BassiriBasti, A.A.BastiBatch, J. C.J. C.BatchBaune, C.C.BauneBavigadda, V.V.BavigaddaBazzan, M.M.BazzanBécsy, B.B.BécsyBeer, C.C.BeerBejger, M.M.BejgerBelahcene, I.I.BelahceneBelgin, M.M.BelginBell, A. S.A. S.BellBerger, B. K.B. K.BergerBergmann, G.G.BergmannBerry, C. P.L.C. P.L.BerryBersanetti, D.D.BersanettiBertolini, A.A.BertoliniBetzwieser, J.J.BetzwieserBhagwat, S.S.BhagwatBhandare, R.R.BhandareBilenko, I. A.I. A.BilenkoBillingsley, G.G.BillingsleyBillman, C. R.C. R.BillmanBirch, J.J.BirchBirney, R.R.BirneyBirnholtz, O.O.BirnholtzBiscans, S.S.BiscansBisht, A.A.BishtBitossi, M.M.BitossiBiwer, C.C.BiwerBizouard, M. A.M. A.BizouardBlackburn, J. K.J. K.BlackburnBlackman, J.J.BlackmanBlair, C. D.C. D.Blair2025-08-302025-08-302018-12-0110.1007/s41114-018-0012-92-s2.0-85046034556https://d8.irins.org/handle/IITG2025/22706We present possible observing scenarios for the Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA gravitational-wave detectors over the next decade, with the intention of providing information to the astronomy community to facilitate planning for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves. We estimate the sensitivity of the network to transient gravitational-wave signals, and study the capability of the network to determine the sky location of the source. We report our findings for gravitational-wave transients, with particular focus on gravitational-wave signals from the inspiral of binary neutron star systems, which are the most promising targets for multi-messenger astronomy. The ability to localize the sources of the detected signals depends on the geographical distribution of the detectors and their relative sensitivity, and 90 % credible regions can be as large as thousands of square degrees when only two sensitive detectors are operational. Determining the sky position of a significant fraction of detected signals to areas of 5–20deg2 requires at least three detectors of sensitivity within a factor of ∼ 2 of each other and with a broad frequency bandwidth. When all detectors, including KAGRA and the third LIGO detector in India, reach design sensitivity, a significant fraction of gravitational-wave signals will be localized to a few square degrees by gravitational-wave observations alone.trueData analysis | Electromagnetic counterparts | Gravitational waves | Gravitational-wave detectorsReviewhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41114-018-0012-9.pdf143383511 December 20189843reJournal913