Srivastava, GauravGauravSrivastavaRavi Prakash, P.P.Ravi Prakash2025-08-302025-08-302017-10-0110.1016/j.compstruc.2017.05.0132-s2.0-85020855049https://d8.irins.org/handle/IITG2025/22380A novel coupled framework for analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) and steel planar frames subjected to fire is developed with three-way coupling between heat transfer, mechanical deformations and pore pressure build-up. Structural members are discretized in space using a two-level scheme where the mechanical solver utilizes 1D line elements, and the thermal and the pore pressure solvers work on 2D finite element (FE) meshes for each sub-span used by the mechanical solver. Such a strategy enables consideration of effects of large deformations, temperature-dependent material properties (thermal, moisture transport and mechanical), and spalling. None of the earlier developed frameworks considered a three-way coupling between mechanical, thermal and pore pressure solvers without employing a full-fledged 3D FE scheme. A matrix method type approach, developed herein, enables modeling of the three main physical processes taking place in RC members during fire without the need to consider full-fidelity 3D FEM. Several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and applicability of the developed framework in fire analysis of normal and high strength RC and steel structures.falseHigh strength concrete (HSC) | Normal strength concrete (NSC) | Spalling | Steel structures | Thermo-hydro-mechanical analysis | Three-way couplingArticle173-1851 October 201713arJournal13