Pandey, VijayalakshmiVijayalakshmiPandeyJanaagal, AnuAnuJanaagalJain, AshmitaAshmitaJainMori, ShigekiShigekiMoriGupta, ItiItiGupta2025-08-312025-08-312023-01-0110.1016/j.dyepig.2022.1108612-s2.0-85143503350https://d8.irins.org/handle/IITG2025/25799The trans-A<inf>2</inf>B<inf>2</inf> type porphyrins bearing thiophene linked N-butylcarbazole or N-butylphenothiazine groups at the meso-positions were synthesized. Donor−acceptor (D−A) type meso-substituted porphyrins and their Zn(II) and Pd(II) complexes were studied by UV–vis absorption, fluorescence and electrochemical techniques. These porphyrins exhibited efficient energy transfer (∼78%) from the meso-donors (thiophene linked N-butylcarbazole or N-butylphenothiazine groups) to the porphyrin core. Also, the Soret band of porphyrins was noticeably broad, indicating significant communication between the meso-donor groups and the porphyrin core. The donor−acceptor interaction between the porphyrin core and the meso-donors was supported by X-ray analysis and DFT studies of these D-A systems. The photo-catalytic application of Pd(II) porphyrin was demonstrated by efficient singlet oxygen generation (68%) and effective oxidation of aromatic aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids (up to 99%) in the presence of white light or sunlight.falseCyclic voltammetry | D-A porphyrins | Energy transfer | Pd(II) porphyrin | Photo-catalysis | Singlet oxygenArticle18733743January 202318110861arJournal17WOS:000890747100002