Catalysis by substituted platinum (ionic Pt) catalysts

Catalysis is an integral part of numerous chemical industries. Noble metals like platinum (Pt) are known for having high catalytic activity and stability for various catalytic reactions such as methane reforming, water gas shift reaction, electrocatalytic reactions etc. However, due to the limited resources and high cost of platinum, the catalysts with low Pt content are desirable. To overcome this issue, the substitutionally doped Pt catalysts are gaining significant interest. In the present review, the synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and utility of Pt-doped catalysis is discussed. Various synthesis methods (impregnation, solution combustion, sol-gel, hydrothermal) and characterization techniques are discussed briefly in the review. The effects of Pt-doped catalysts on various reactions such as methane reforming, water-gas shift reactions, CO oxidation reactions, electrocatalytic reactions, and photocatalytic reactions are discussed here. The comparison of the activity of supported and doped catalysts is also presented to understand the effects of substitutional doping better.