Participation of host cell proteins in inclusion bodies of non-segmented RNA virus infected cells: a molecular insight

Negative-sense RNA viruses (NSVs) carrying a non-segmented genome encompass a broad group of viruses responsible for numerous human diseases such as rabies, mumps, measles, respiratory illness and encephalitis. Viruses replicate intracellular and interact with various host proteins to evade the immune response and persist within the host. A salient trait of NSVs is their ability to form cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (IBs) which are believed to serve as pivotal sites for viral replication. The formation of viral IBs is a complex process involving the recruitment of viral RNA and its proteins along with cellular components. These different constituents of IBs fulfil diverse roles depending on the structure and composition which remains specific to each virus. Therefore, understanding the viral strategies underlying IB formation is imperative. Numerous studies have explored the relationship between virus-induced IBs and host cell factors. This review aims to summarize how cellular factors participate in the formation of distinct viral IBs among non-segmented NSVs.