Temporal EEG Neural Activity Predicts Visuo-Spatial Motor Sequence Learning

Learning sequential movements has been foundational to intelligent behavior. How we do acquire a new motor skill and the corresponding neural representations of motor sequence learning have been already established for a standard visuo-spatial map where the object itself is the target of action. Initial stages involve learning an effector-specific representation that facilitates learning. However, the neural representations of how non-standard visuo-spatial mappings influence motor sequential learning have not been systematically understood. Using high temporal resolution of EEG, we used a modified version of the SRTT to control visuo-motor mappings by varying color and position. Subjects learnt sequential movements through trial-and-error over different visuo-spatial conditions. Behavioral results indicate significant differences between conditions, suggesting role of distinct cognitive processes. Further, ERP analysis revealed ERN in error trials and differential amplitude changes in lateral scalp electrodes suggesting the involvement of neural activity subservient to motor learning. Using scalp topography, we found differences in time course of activity between visuomotor learning over frontal, central, parietal and occipital scalp electrodes as learning progressed. This study further demonstrates the role of temporal neural activity as a predictor for visuomotor mappings and sequential motor learning driven by error feedback.